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摘要： Objective To study the cases of public-private partnerships (PPPs) commonly used in Europe Union and the United States to solve common challenges such as the decline in drug R&D efficiency, and to provide reference for developing countries to deal with these challenges in drug R&D. Methods Multiple case study method was used to make a comparative analysis of three PPP models in European Union and the United States. Results and Conclusion Third-party conveners, project-based cooperation models, and PPP funding mechanisms were key elements of PPP models in European and the United States. The developing countries should establish new PPP mechanisms to solve common challenges in drug R&D in their countries based on national conditions and key elements of PPP models.
