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本期目录

    2025年, 第20卷, 第4期 刊出日期:2025-12-25 上一期   
    Construction of Evaluation Index System for the Policy Effect of Centralized Drug Procurement
    Huang Jiaxin, Raela·Abduhilil, Hu Ping, Liu Xinying, Sun Lihua
    2025 (4):  313-324. 
    摘要 ( 19 )   PDF(2719KB) ( 13 )  
    Objective To construct an index system for evaluating the policy effect of centralized drug procurement, and to provide reference for comprehensively and systematically evaluating the policy of centralized drug procurement. Methods Through combing the policies and literature research, the focus and expected goal of China’s centralized drug procurement policy were clarified. On the basis of policy concerns, combined with some theories and the implementation of drug centralized procurement policy, a primary evaluation index system was constructed. The index system was determined by expert consultation, and the weight of each index was calculated by analytic hierarchy process. Results and Conclusion The questionnaire recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 88.23% and 100%, the coefficients of authority of experts were 0.86 and 0.80, and the expert coordination coefficients were 0.338 and 0.294, respectively. Finally, the evaluation index system for the policy of centralized drug procurement was established, which included 4 first-level indicators, 10 second-level indicators and 23 third-level indicators. The evaluation index system constructed in this paper can not only make up for the deficiency of systematic evaluation of the policy effect of the current centralized drug procurement, but also provide reference for further improving this policy.
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    A Comparison of Pediatric Drug Policy and Development in China and the United States
    Zhao Xinran, Munire Mohetaer, Sun Xiaowen, Wang Su, Chen Yuwen
    2025 (4):  325-336. 
    摘要 ( 16 )   PDF(910KB) ( 13 )  
    Objective To find the shortcomings of children’s drug research and development policy in China, and to put forward feasible suggestions for encouraging China’s children’s drug research and development by drawing the experience from the United States. Methods To compare the similarities and differences between the policies guiding the use of children’s medicines issued by China and the United States. Results and Conclusion In recent years, the Chinese government has introduced a number of policies, but there is still a big gap in clinical trial design and drug review system compared with the policies of the United States. China should further improve the laws and regulations related to children’s medication, promote the development of clinical trials, develop pricing programs, and expand international cooperation, so as to formulate more scientific and comprehensive guiding principles for the research and development of children’s medication.
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    Research on Incentive Mechanism of Repurposing Drugs for Rare Diseases
    Wu Xiaoling, Yuan Hongmei
    2025 (4):  337-344. 
    摘要 ( 15 )   PDF(897KB) ( 11 )  
    Objective To improve the system of accelerated review and approval, and to speed up the development and marketing of repurposing drugs for rare diseases in China. Methods The relevant concepts of rare diseases and the definition of drug repurposing were introduced so as to sort out the advantages and disadvantages of the research and development of drug repurposing for rare diseases. Then, the incentive mechanisms of the research and development of drug repurposing for rare diseases in China and abroad were compared. Results and Conclusion Some suggestions on improving the incentive mechanism of repurposing drugs for rare diseases such as policy support for talents introduction, capital investment, and innovation capabilities are proposed. Besides, the government should further improve policies for the research and development of repurposing drugs for rare diseases, which can gradually narrow the gap between the research and innovation of drug repurposing in developed countries, thus benefiting the patients of rare diseases.
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    Thoughts on the Construction of Pediatric Exclusivity Policy in China
    Zhang Ke, Tian Lijuan
    2025 (4):  345-354. 
    摘要 ( 10 )   PDF(1997KB) ( 8 )  
    Objective To study the 6-month patent exclusivity rule in the US and provide reference for designing pediatric exclusivity policy in China. Methods In this paper, summarize the development history and status of pediatric exclusivity in the US was summarized to analyze its effect for pediatric drugs research and development incentive and information improvement. Then, we can learn from its experience to construct pediatric exclusivity policy in China. Results and Conclusion Pediatric exclusivity policy in the US has obvious incentive effects, but the scope is limited to patented or other data protected drugs. Based on the successful experience of the United States, we can fully evaluate the impact of patents and other data protection policies on the exclusive marketing rights. In addition, we should conduct in-depth study on the applicable objects, authorization scope, protection mode and time limit of the pediatric exclusivity so that we can introduce supporting measures for China’s pediatric exclusivity as soon as possible.
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    Current Situation and Management of Drug Shortage in Some Western Countries and Its Enlightenment to China
    Dong Sixu, Lian guiyu
    2025 (4):  355-362. 
    摘要 ( 7 )   PDF(769KB) ( 15 )  
    Objective To analyze the current situation of drug shortage in some western countries and their management strategies, and to put forward feasible suggestions for drug shortage management in China. Methods The methods of literature research and comparative study were used to collect policy information and related data from official government websites and news websites, then, the current situation and management of drug shortage in some western countries were compared and studied to summarize their effective experience in dealing with drug shortage. Results and Conclusion The current situation and influencing factors of drug shortage in these western countries are different, but the management system established to deal with drug shortage is good, including the support of policies and regulations, the early warning of monitoring platform and the construction of organizational system. Drawing lessons from their experience, China should strengthen cooperation and consultation among stakeholders and rationally allocate powers and responsibilities. The transparency of drug shortage data disclosure should be increased. The important role of pharmacists should be played to strengthen the management. Further optimizing the drug shortage management system in China can ensure the safety of drug supply.
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    Research and Enlightenment of FDA’s Digital Health Software Pre-Cert Program
    Chang Ping, Huang Zhe
    2025 (4):  363-373. 
    摘要 ( 7 )   PDF(945KB) ( 10 )  
    Objective To study the supervision experiences of the US digital health software pre-cert program, and to provide reference for the scientific supervision of digital health in China. Methods By reviewing domestic and international databases from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang, as well as FDA’s website, the innovative regulatory pathway of software pre-cert was investigated comprehensively. Then, This method was compared with the current regulatory actions in China so as to propose some suggestions for digital health regulation in line with our national conditions. Results and Conclusion FDA’s software pre-cert program emphasizes assessment at the organizational level and product level first, streamlines the pre-market review process, and relies on post-market evidence generated from real-world data and elements of excellence appraisal to strengthen post-market regulation of software as a medical device (SaMD). However, post-marketing data in China are difficult to obtain, so this method cannot be copied totally. Currently, we can explore the elements that must be reviewed for registration of medical device according to enlightenment of the program, reduce the burden on enterprises and regulatory agency. At the same time, the post-marketing regulatory system should be improved gradually, and experience in the whole life cycle management of medical device should be accumulated, which can make preparations for enhancing the ability of regulatory innovation.
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    The Construction of Market Credit Supervision System for Pharmaceutical Enterprises in Liaoning Province
    Luan Lijie, Tian Lijuan
    2025 (4):  374-386. 
    摘要 ( 5 )   PDF(831KB) ( 15 )  
    Objective To study the construction of market credit supervision systems for pharmaceutical enterprises in Liaoning Province and to provide suggestions for improving the integrity awareness and production activities. Methods Based on the market credit supervision experience of National Medical Products Administration and some other provinces, the construction of supervision laws and regulations system for pharmaceutical enterprises in Liaoning Province was investigated from the perspectives of daily supervision and inspection, joint punishment of illegal acts, sampling results, information communication and publicity. Results and Conclusion In recent years, Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the People’s Government of Liaoning Province has attached great importance to the construction of social credit system by issuing a series of local regulations and local government rules. However, the laws and regulations on the market credit supervision of pharmaceutical enterprises are not perfect, and there is a lack of legal documents such as the credit rating method. Besides, some regulatory documents are slightly outdated and they should be revised in time according to the development of the pharmaceutical industry. The Food and Drug Administration of Liaoning Province should promulgate some relevant laws and regulations on the market credit supervision of pharmaceutical enterprises as soon as possible. Firstly, Liaoning Drug Administration should formulate the “Measures for the Administration of Drug Safety Credit of Pharmaceutical Enterprises”, including the establishment of credit information management system, which can clarify the main responsibility of pharmaceutical enterprises and key personnel, and standardize drug advertising and advertising endorsement. Secondly, Liaoning Drug Administration should introduce the “Credit Rating Methods for Pharmaceutical Enterprises”, and divide the credit rating of pharmaceutical enterprises into four grades from high to low. Besides, differentiated credit supervision measures must be implemented. Finally, the Pharmaceutical Industry Association of Liaoning Province should issue the industry norms that regard drug quality as life so as to improve the integrity awareness of pharmaceutical enterprises and promote the production activities.
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    A Quantitative Analysis of China’s Pharmacovigilance Policy Based on the PMC Index Model
    Yao Tingzhen, Wang Shuling
    2025 (4):  387-401. 
    摘要 ( 9 )   PDF(11981KB) ( 11 )  
    Objective To study the current situation of China’s pharmacovigilance system, and to provide some suggestions for the improvement of related policies. Methods A policy modeling consistency (PMC) index model of pharmacovigilance policy was constructed to quantitatively assess the samples of policies combining text mining. Then, the PMC surface was established to obtain the visualization results of China’s pharmacovigilance policy samples, and their shortcomings were clearly analyzed by comparison. Results and Conclusion Forty-one percent of China’s pharmacovigilance policies were rated as excellent, 54% as acceptable, and the overall evaluation was acceptable. But there is still some room for improvement. On the whole, there are problems of insufficient policy synergy, lack of policy incentives and constraints, and incomplete coverage of policy functions. It is recommended that China’s pharmacovigilance policy system should be optimized by strengthening policy coordination, increasing policy incentives and constraints, and guiding multi-subjects to participate in coordination. These findings and recommendations can provide operational ideas for the system of China’s pharmacovigilance policy.
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    Systematic Review and Quality Appraisal of Literature on Economic Evaluation of Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes
    Raela·Abduhilil, Lu Siyu, Sun Lihua
    2025 (4):  402-412. 
    摘要 ( 3 )   PDF(1363KB) ( 3 )  
    Objective To systematically evaluate the overall characteristics and quality of literature on economic evaluation of drugs for type 2 diabetes, and to provide recommendations for future research and related decision -making. Methods The economic evaluation literature on drugs for type 2 diabetes based on the Chinese population were searched from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and PubMed databases. The literature that met the inclusion criteria was selected, and the key research elements were extracted. Meanwhile, the quality of health economics studies (QHES) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Results and Conclusion A total of 325 articles (296 in Chinese and 29 in English) were included. Most of the studies were conducted by medical institutions (247 articles, 76.0%) and they used cost-effectiveness analysis (295 articles, 90.8%). However, most of the included literature did not report study perspective (267 articles, 90.2%). The average QHES score of the included literature was 57.29, and the quality of the literature was concentrated in “low quality” (123 articles, 37.8%) and “average quality” (138 articles, 42.5%). Literature published in English journals, or using modeling methods, or from universities had relatively higher quality. The quality of economic evaluation literature on drugs for type 2 diabetes based on the Chinese population is generally low at present. There are many problems, such as single research institutions and methods, lack of research perspectives, and no sensitivity analysis.
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    Analysis of the Development Strategies of the Export of Chinese Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    Zhou Yinhao, Dong Li
    2025 (4):  413-419. 
    摘要 ( 8 )   PDF(1507KB) ( 31 )  
    Objective To study the competitive advantages of Chinese active pharmaceutical ingredients by analyzing the international market situation and competition pattern of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Methods Through the analysis of the competition pattern of global API market, the advantages and shortcomings of China’s APIs in the international market were found out, and some development strategies and suggestions were put forward. Results and Conclusion It is urgent for China API enterprises to adjust their industrial structure, improve their production process, and actively participate in international certification for more export.
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